July 03, 2026

The End of the American Century?

After the American Century

On July 4, 2026, the United States is deep in a mess of its own making, and 2026 will be remembered as the moment when allies began to fall away, American scientific prowess began to falter, the international order that the US helped to construct weakened, and the US retreated into the Western Hemisphere where it alienated its neighbors and was torn apart by internal differences.  The American Century has come to a close as the country celebrated 250 years on the world stage. 

Just one third of the voters approve of the president, and 60% disapprove of him. The newspapers reported yesterday that Trump has enriched himself by more than $2 billion since taking office. Congress has ceased to be a check upon the president, and refuses to investigate evidence of corruption, insider trading, and other misuse of his office. 

Congress has continually failed in its obligation to ensure that the funds it allocates are actually spent  for the purposes intended. 

The Department of Defense routinely slaughters people in small boats on the high seas, because it suspects them of transporting drugs. Those killed are often unknown, and it seems certain some of them were innocent. Killing people based on mere suspicion is against international law, but the killings continue with little outcry and with no end in sight.

Masked government employees have killed a number of American citizens, notably two in Minneapolis. Far from investigating these deaths, the Trump administration has vilified the victims and resisted judicial action.

The Supreme Court has lost the confidence of the American people, less than half of whom now consider it to be non-partisan. A generation ago the courts were the most respected branch of government, with an approval rating as high as 80%. But in 2025 the Court's rating sank below 50%, and some polls put it as low as 42% in 2026. 

In short, the majority of US citizens do not respect or trust any of the three branches of government. 

Happy Birthday? Not really. The United States has lost its moral compass. The Founding Fathers knew that virtue among the legislators and leaders was essential for democracy to succeed.  

As James Madison put it: "The aim of every political Constitution, is or ought to be first to obtain for rulers men who possess most wisdom to discern, and most virtue to pursue, the common good of society; and in the next place, to take the most effectual precautions for keeping them virtuous whilst they continue to hold their public trust."

And meanwhile, the country is not paying its way. The national debt that is now over 100% of the annual gross national product. (See chart below.) The federal government does not collect enough taxes to pay its expenses. In 2025 the federal government spent $7.01 trillion and collected $5.23 trillion in revenue, resulting in a deficit of $1.78 trillion. The interest payments for that year were $396 billion. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that annual interest payments on this debt will rise to $628 billion in 2028. The long term danger is that the dollar will cease to be the world's de facto currency. 


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Size of national debt as a percentage of GNP

Country         2024     2026
Switzerland       14        14
Norway             15        15
Denmark           20        20
Sweden             34        34
Australia           37        37
Germany           44        44
Poland               45        45
Mexico              45        45
New Zealand     51        51
Canada              52        52
India                  54        54
Brazil                83        83
China                 --         88
France               94        94
UK                   101      101
United States  103      103
Italy                 133      133
Japan               201      201

Statistics from the 

Kaleidoscopic America: A Metaphorical Illusion

After the American Century

I am pleased to offer readers a free essay based on my new book, 
The Great Energy Transition: America from 1876 to 1929  
This piece makes sense on its own, but it is only a fragment of the larger argument. 

The download is 
https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/american-progress-was-an-optical-illusion/

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What does American history look like if we focus less on elections and short-term issues and instead focus on energy systems during what the French annals school called the longue durĂ©e? Instead of many short eras between 1876 and 1929, one sees a massive energy transition. Every job, business, house, and public space underwent a transformation so radical that Americans could not grasp the larger pattern. The concepts of "technology" and an "energy transition" had yet to emerge. Observers struggled in a sematic void, attributing new experiences to "kaleidoscopic change" and "the machine." The Great Energy Transition explains this transformation, the failure to grasp it, and the still persisting consequences.


paperback, 334 pages, MIT Press, 2026

"A magisterial analysis of technological and social whirwinds that still sway everyday life, this is the rare book that takes on major issues and does so well. This is a truly milestone book."
 – John Stilgoe, Harvard University

"With this book, the reader is in the hands of a master historian. Nye reminds us that energy transitions are a long game, and the kaleidoscopic era·1876 to 1929–echoes today."
 – Julie A. Cohn, Rice University







January 15, 2026

A Plea for Justice: Should Trump Stand Trial for Murder?

After the American Century

Beginning on September 2, 2025, Donald Trump has ordered the execution of civilians on the high seas, without identifying them, charging them with a crime, attempting to capture them alive, or providing them an opportunity to surrender. These people were executed without due process or even evidence. The American Friends Service Committee, a Quaker organization, notes that, "The U.S. government claims the men killed were 'narco-terrorists' and members of Tren de Aragua but has provided no evidence. Interviews with victims’ families indicate that some of those killed had no ties to the drug trade."

These crimes must not be forgotten or ignored. The International Criminal Court could determine whether Trump and his Secretary of War are guilty of the murder of more than 120 people in the Caribbean and the Pacific Ocean. It appears that, without a declaration of war, members of the United States military violated international law with these attacks, which continued long after the probable illegality of these murders was widely discussed. There are also reports that in some cases the military has disguised an attacking plane as a civilian aircraft. If true, this constitutes the crime of perfidy, and that also violates international law.

The attacks have not ceased in 2026, and this has become a systematic military program of the murder of civilians. The Court could uphold the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, notably Article 3, “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person,” and Article 6, “Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.” Bombing small boats on the high seas and slaughtering everyone on board does appear to be an intentional violation of these articles. A thorough investigation is urgently needed. 

I do not imagine that either of these men will appear in person to stand trial for murder. But if a warrant were issued for their arrest, it would send a clear signal that other nations deplore these murders and wish to live in a world governed by international law. It would repudiate these murderous acts, and would also will encourage American lawyers and courts to hold these men to account for these and any other criminal acts they may commit.

For more information, see 
&
A story on National Public Radio